Having the Right to Not Agree: Honoring Civil Discourse and Dissent | The Center for Jewish-Inclusive Learning Portal

Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History

Summary

Dissent is a core part of democratic life in the United States, though it can create tension and be difficult to navigate. Without constructive ways to manage disagreement, it can lead to division, but it remains essential to communal life. In Jewish tradition, dissent is deeply valued, especially in religious and intellectual contexts, where debate and differing views are preserved, such as in the Talmud. This lesson explores the Jewish approach to dissent, focusing on the tradition of recording minority opinions in Talmudic texts.

In this lesson from the Weitzman National Museum of American Jewish History in partnership with High School Law Review and Citizen Film, students will explore the Jewish value of dissent. Students will examine the Talmudic tradition of preserving dissenting opinions and consider the challenges and importance of free speech in today’s America. They will also learn about the 1977 Supreme Court case, National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie and practice annotation and comparative analysis throughout the lesson.

More From Stories That Shaped A Nation

Friends put hand in hand the concept of a friend connection that make Star of David hands

Lesson

Who are Your People? Defining Jewish Peoplehood

While reflecting on their own sense of belonging, students will learn about the diversity of the Jewish people and their strong sense of shared community.

Grades:

6 - 12

This wall relief on the Arch of Titus reveals Roman soldiers after the destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in 70 A.D including the Temple Menorah, the Table of the Shewbread and silver trumpets.

Lesson

My Spirit Yearns for You: Jewish Connections to the Land of Israel

Explore the Jewish people’s connection to the Land of Israel through reflections, poetry, rituals, and trends.

Grades:

6 - 12

A sunlit street scene shows a traditional whitewashed building in the Jewish quarter of Hervás, Spain. The façade features balconies decorated with flower boxes and metal railings displaying Star of David symbols. Below, a small plaza area includes a stone fountain, a menorah sculpture, and Jewish symbols mounted on the wall. An open doorway leads into a shop, reinforcing the sense of a preserved historic neighborhood that reflects Jewish cultural heritage and daily life.

Lesson

Where Will I Stake a Home? Jewish Culture and Identity in Diaspora

After Jews were exiled from their homeland, ancient Israel, in 70 CE, they moved all over the world, known as the “diaspora.” Students will examine how Jews have shown resilience and creativity in maintaining a shared identity while embracing local influences from wherever they live across the globe.

Grades:

6 - 12

Composition of israel and middle eastern food: ritual goblet of wine, challah, pita bread, hummus, falafel, shakshuka, pomegranate and lemons on a rustic table

Lesson

We Belong At the Table: Centering Jewish Diversity

Jews represent a wide range of cultures, languages, ethnicities, races, and religious practices. As Jews have moved around the globe, they have adapted, blended, and preserved traditions, and found new ways to express their culture. This lesson will show your students how different cultures express their Judaism through the foods they eat and the traditions they observe.

Grades:

6 - 12

Black-and-white 19th-century engraving of immigrants gathered in a crowded port or station. In the foreground, a seated couple holds hands on a wooden bench beside luggage and baskets, while families and workers in period clothing stand and wait in the background, suggesting arrival or departure during a time of migration.

Lesson

23 Souls, Big and Little: Early Jewish Arrivals in North America

After analyzing how our country’s values and achievements are represented in U.S. monuments, students will learn about some of America’s first Jewish immigrants and imagine how they could be remembered.

Grades:

6 - 12

Overhead view of paper cards arranged in a circle on a wooden surface, each displaying a different religious symbol, including a cross, crescent and star, Om, Star of David, and Dharma wheel.

Lesson

To Bigotry No Sanction: Religious Liberty in the United States

Take a closer look at how religious freedom has evolved across US history and into the 21st century.

Grades:

6 - 12

Lesson

Give Me Your Huddled Masses: Emma Lazarus and Welcoming the Stranger

Learn about Emma Lazarus, one of the first modern Jewish activists in America, and how her Jewish values influenced her actions and writing.

Grades:

6 - 12

A crowd of people gathers outdoors in a residential neighborhood during winter, many wearing coats. One person holds a large blue sign reading “STAND AGAINST ANTISEMITISM.” Several attendees hold small Israeli flags, and leafless trees and houses are visible in the background, suggesting a peaceful demonstration or rally.

Lesson

To Bigotry No Sanction: Antisemitism in the United States

Explore the history of antisemitism in the United States, with a focus on the late 19th and 20th centuries. Analyze primary sources to uncover how antisemitic ideas spread and write a renewed 21st century promise against bigotry.

Grades:

6 - 12

Hester Street Market, New York City's Lower East Side in 1884. The neighborhood was becoming home of Polish and Eastern European Jews emigrating from Russian Empire because of Anti-Jewish pogroms.

Lesson

Come, Ye Wanderers: Waves of Jewish Immigration to the United States

Explore waves of Jewish immigration to the United States, from the late 19th and early 20th centuries to more recent arrivals from Cuba, the Soviet Union, and Iran.

Grades:

6 - 12

Black-and-white photograph of several men seated outdoors during a civil rights era demonstration. One man holds a sign reading, “We march together Catholic Jews Protestant for dignity and brotherhood of all men under God NOW!” while others sit beside him wearing hats and dress shirts.

Lesson

The Most Urgent Problem is Silence: Jewish Participation in the Civil Rights Movement

Examine how rabbis and other leaders balanced their values with personal and communal risk during the Civil Rights Movement; analyze primary texts, and discuss the difficult choices these leaders faced.

Grades:

6 - 12

Protesters as part of exhibit at the National Civil Rights Museum and site of the Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

Lesson

In Solidarity: Southern Jews and the Civil Rights Movement

Help students reflect on the tensions often experienced in social change movements, between deeply held values and the personal risks such involvement can bring. Using the Jewish community in Birmingham, Alabama as a case study, students will examine primary sources to better understand the community’s actions.

Grades:

6 - 12

Lesson

Marching, Walking or Parading: Hate Speech on Trial

Explore the tension between free speech and hate speech by debating and analyzing the landmark Supreme Court case, National Socialist Party of America v. Village of Skokie. Students will learn to articulate their own perspectives and communicate effectively about dissent, free speech, and hate speech.

Grades:

6 - 12

A makeshift shrine to the victims of Saturday's deadly shooting outside of Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh.

Lesson

A Shape-Shifting Virus: Contemporary Antisemitism in the United States

Explore and analyze how antisemitism has changed over time through examination of propaganda, data, case studies and videos.

Grades:

6 - 12

A person in a crowd holds a handmade cardboard sign above their head that reads “PROTECT OUR DEMOCRACY” in red and blue letters with stars. The crowd is gathered outdoors in front of brick buildings, suggesting a public protest or demonstration.

Lesson

Antisemitism: A Threat to a Pluralistic American Democracy

Discuss the nature of democracy and pluralism and explore how antisemitism can inhibit progress toward expanded rights for Jews and other historically marginalized communities in the United States.

Grades:

6 - 12

Video

Stories That Shaped A Nation Video Resource Library

Enrich your curriculum and enhance classroom instruction with this engaging video library, highlighting 20 important and diverse Jewish stories as part of the Stories That Shaped A Nation lesson series.

Grades:

6 - 12